![]() Approval of the study was obtained from the IEC (Institutional Ethics Committee-SU/R/2021/1844) through the proper channel.Īll pus specimens from in and outpatient departments of our tertiary care hospital were included for the present study. Therefore, the present study's aim is to find out the presence of icaA and icaB genes in MRSA and their association with biofilm production.Ī prospective study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad, UP. Infections with biofilm-producing MRSA strains are often chronic and persistent in nature and are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in health-care settings. These proteins are encoded by the gene locus icaADBC and mediate cell to cell adhesion, thus facilitate biofilm formation. aureus is regulated by the expression of polysaccharide intercellular adhesion proteins. EPS of biofilms facilitate greater resistance to the opsonization by antibodies and phagocytosis. One of the probable reasons for drug resistance is biofilm production as biofilm is made up of multi-layered cell clusters embedded in a matrix of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS), which provide adherence to the bacteria. aureus (MRSA), which consequently presents difficult therapeutic problems and biofilm-producing strains make it worse. aureus rapidly develops resistance to many antimicrobial agents, and the classic example is methicillin resistance S. aureus often hemolyze blood, coagulate plasma, and produce a variety of extracellular enzymes, toxins, and biofilm. aureus is one of the most common causes of hospital- and community-acquired infections. aureus is a member of the normal microbiota of the skin and mucous membranes of humans, therefore, cause suppuration, abscess formation, a variety of pyogenic infections, and even fatal septicemia. aureus is Gram-positive spherical cocci, usually arranged in grapelike irregular. The four most frequently encountered species of clinical importance are Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. ![]() The genus Staphylococcus has at least 45 species. Asian J Pharm Res Health Care 2022 14:21-4. Distribution of IcaA and IcaB Genes in Biofilm-Producing Methicillin-Resistance Staphylococcus aureus. How to cite this URL: Malik N, Bisht D, Aggarwal J, Rawat A. Asian J Pharm Res Health Care 2022 14:21-4 How to cite this article: Malik N, Bisht D, Aggarwal J, Rawat A. Keywords: Biofilm, icaA gene, icaB gene, methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus aureus should be considered as essential for better management of diseases caused by biofilm-producing S. Conclusion: The detection of biofilm in S. TCP method demonstrated that 68% of MRSA were biofilm producers, on the other hand, 52 (41%) strains showed the presence of icaA gene, and 39 (31%) strains showed the presence of icaB genes in 127 MRSA strains. Out of these, 127 isolates were MRSA (57%). Phenotypic detection of biofilm in all MRSA strains was accessed by tissue culture plate (TCP) method and polymerase chain reaction as genotypic method was used for detection of icaA and icaB genes. Detection of MRSA is done by the cefoxitin disc diffusion method. Materials and Methods: All pus samples received in the microbiology laboratory were processed as per the standard microbiological procedure for the isolation of S. The secondary objective is to provide guidance to practitioners to assist them to improve their standards.DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_16_21 Abstractīackground: Biofilm-producing methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains may reduce the penetration rate of antibiotics which leads to treatment failure therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the presence of icaA and icaB biofilm-producing genes in clinically isolated MRSA strains. The primary objective of the QCR process is to monitor the compliance by audit firms with appropriate levels of professional standards in the performance of the audit function. QCR Program is an essential part of the Institute’s regulatory framework, established to develop and maintain compliance of professional standards amongst the firms engaged in the audit of limited companies particularly listed entities, as the Code of Corporate Governance requires that a satisfactory QCR rating is mandatory for CA firms to conduct audit of listed and economically significant companies.
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